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KMID : 0191120230380080059
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Journal of Korean Medical Science
2023 Volume.38 No. 8 p.59 ~ p.59
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Short-Term Effectiveness of Oral Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant and Culture-Positive Viral Shedding
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Lee Eun-Young
Park Se-Hee
Choi Jae-Phil
Kim Min-Kyung
Yang Eun-Mi
Ham Sin-Young
Lee Seung-Jae
Lee Bo-Ra
Yang Jeong-Sun
Park Byoung-Kwon
Kim Da-Sol
Lee So-Young
Lee Joo-Yeon
Jang Hee-Chang
Jeon Jae-Hyun
Park Sang-Won
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Abstract
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Background : Information on the effectiveness of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir against the omicron is limited. The clinical response and viral kinetics to therapy in the real world need to be evaluated.
Methods : Mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with risk factors for severe illness were prospectively enrolled as a treatment group with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir therapy versus a control group with supportive care. Serial viral load and culture from the upper respiratory tract were evaluated for seven days, and clinical responses and adverse reactions were evaluated for 28 days.
Results : A total of 51 patients were analyzed including 40 in the treatment group and 11 in the control group. Faster symptom resolution during hospitalization (P = 0.048) was observed in the treatment group. Only minor adverse reactions were reported in 27.5% of patients. The viral load on Day 7 was lower in the treatment group (P = 0.002). The viral culture showed a positivity of 67.6% (25/37) vs. 100% (6/6) on Day 1, 0% (0/37) vs. 16.7 (1/6) on Day 5, and 0% (0/16) vs. 50.0% (2/4) on Day 7 in the treatment and control groups, respectively.
Conclusions : Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir against the omicron was safe and resulted in negative viral culture conversion after Day 5 of treatment with better symptomatic resolution.
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KEYWORD
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Viral Load, Culture, Omicron, COVID-19, Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir
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